八年级下册英语M1-5学案
一、宾语从句：
1. 引导词:
有疑问----根据要问的问题选用—who, what, why, when, which, whose, where, how, if, whether等
无疑问----用that，没有实在的意义，可省去
eg：我不确定他是否来自中国. I am not sure ______ he is from China.
我确定他来自中国. I am sure ______he is from China.
练习：填入适当的词:
1) We know _______ the earth goes around the sun.
2) ----I think _______ he is a good boy. --- Me, too.
3) ---- I don’t know ______ he was late for school. ---Because he got up late.
4) ----She is sure ________ they will go to the concert. ---Glad to hear that.
5) ---- Can you tell me ______ he will come? ---- Tomorrow evening.
6) ----We are not sure ______ we can win in the end or not. ---- Don’t give up.
7) --- Who knows _______ they went to work this morning? ---By bus.
2. 宾语从句规律：
1）宾语从句语序：人+动
Where are you from?
---- Can you tell me ____________________________?
Where is he?
---- Can you tell me ____________________________?
但：What is the matter? What is wrong? 语序永远不变)
What is wrong? Can you tell me what is wrong?
2）助动词do/does/did无影踪。（助动词在句子里翻译不出来，变为宾语从句要去掉）
Where do you live?
---- Can you tell me _____________________________?
When do you do some cleaning ?
---- Can you tell me ______________________________?
3）主句是一般现在时，从句根据时间副词选用相应时态。
He knows where he _______ yesterday.
where he ________ tomorrow.
where he _______ now.
A. will go B. is going C. went
4）过去对过去：如果主句是一般过去时，那么从句的时态一定要用过去的某种时态。
He said that there _______________(be) no classes yesterday.
I didn’t know that he ______________(will) come back next week.
I wondered who _______________(play) the piano best in your class.
5）真理永远用一般现在时。
The earth _______ around the sun. A. go B goes C. went
We knew that the earth _____ around the sun. A. go B goes C. went
总结：宾语从句规律：
1）宾语从句人+动，助动词do/does/did无影踪。 2）过去对过去。
3）主句是一般现在时，从句根据标志词选用任何时态。 4）真理永远用一般现在时。
练习：
( )1.Could you tell me _________ the nearest hospital is?
A. what B. how C. where
( )2. Do you know ________ I could pass the exam or not ?
A. that B. whether C. if
( )3.Do you know where ______ in 2002?
A. he lives B. does he live C. he lived
( )4. I want to know ________ you will come back at 8:00 tomorrow .
A. that B. when C. whether
( )5.Do you know what time ________?
A. the train will leave B. does the train leave C. the train leave
( )6.You must remember _________.
A. what your mother said B. what did your mother say C. your mother said what
( )7.It’s up to you to decide ________ you’ll go there, by air or by road.
A. how B. why C. that
( )8.I want to know_________.
A. what is his name B. what his name is C. what’s his name
( )9. I don't know _________. Can you tell me, please?
A. how the two players are old B. how old are the two players C. how old the two players are
( )10. Could you tell me how ___the bike this morning?
A. he mend B. did he mend C. he mended
( )11. Would you please tell me _________ next, Mr Wang?
A. what should we do B. we should do what C. what we should do
( )12. ---Excuse me, would you please tell me how ________?
---Certainly. Go straight along here. It’s next to a hospital.
A. we can get to the post office B. can we get to the post office
C. we could get to the post office
二、if 有两个意思：是否，如果
1. 规律： if 意为“是否”，时态跟时间副词；
if 意为“如果”，用一般现在时表示将来。
eg: 我不知道明天是否下雨。如果下雨，我们就不出去。
I don’t know if it _____________tomorrow. If it ____________ tomorrow, we won’t go out. (rain)
中文：____________ 中文：____________
( )1.I don't know if he_______ tomorrow. If he_______, I'll tell you．
A. will come , comes B. will come , comes C. will come, will come
( )2. Can you tell me if it _______ fine tomorrow. If it ________fine , I will go shopping.
A. will, is B. is, will C. will be, is
( )3.Could you tell me _________ the day after tomorrow?
A. whether he will come B. how would he come C. if he comes
2. 有if的句子叫从句，没有的叫主句。 I don’t know if he will come.
主句 从句
除了考察if表“如果”时从句的时态，有时也考察主句的时态。
if 从句 + 主句用祈使句。If a snake bites you, take a photo. ：
if 从句+ 主句用will。 If he goes to a different school, I will not see my best friend.
( )1) If he _________ up early. he __________ the early bus.
A. will get, catches B. gets, will catch C. gets, catches
2.如果你不努力学习，你就不会通过考试。
If _________________, you _______________ the exam.
3.如果明天天气好的话，我们就去远足。
If it ___________________ tomorrow, we will go hiking.
4.如果明天不下雨的话，我们就去远足。
If it ____________________tomorrow, we will go hiking.
三、几个易混淆的“花”:
1.花时间：It takes 人 time ________ do
2.花钱： ________ cost 人 money
3.付款买： 人pay 钱 ________ 物 根据所接介词区分！
4.花时间/钱：人 spend 时间/钱 ______ sth
人 spend 时间/钱 ______ doing
过去式：take--___________ pay--____________ spend---___________ cost--__________
练习：请根据介词填入相应的“花”：
1. He must ______________ for his food.
2. She ________________80 yuan for that coat yesterday.
3. The TV ______________ me three thousand yuan.
4.I _____________ two hours in doing this work..
5. I like listening to the music, but I can not ________________ much time on it.
6. It _______________me about half an hour to do these exercise this morning.
四、不定式to do 和 动名词doing：
1. 只接 to do的动词：______,_______,_____,_______,_______,_______,_______,_______,_______
2. 只接 –ing的动词：_______,_______,______,_______,_______,_________,______________
练习 喜欢 完成 一直 介意 觉得 盼望
3. 可接 to do 和 –ing 作宾语的动词:
意义差不多：hate like love continue begin start
意义不同： remember to do 记得去做，还没做 stop to do 停下来去做别的事
remember doing 记得做过，已经做了 stop doing 停下正在做的事
forget to do 忘记去做，还没做 try to do 努力做
forget doing 忘记做过，已经做了 try doing 尝试做
( ) 1. I remember ____________ my bike to Tom last week.
A. borrowing B. to lend C. lending
( ) 2. We have walked for a long time. Let’s stop ____________.
A. resting B. to rest C. rest
( ) 3. I forgot _______ his book last week , so I forget ___________ it back to him.
A. borrowing, to give B. to borrow, to give C. to borrow, giving
五、M1-5重点词组默写：
1.收拾______________________ 2. 占用____________________ 3. 一直，总是_________________
4.对…感兴趣_______________________5.并且，还_________________6.比如__________________
7. 出版______________________8.结果_____________________9.是否________________________
10.事实上_____________________11.顺便说___________________12.害怕做___________________
13.交朋友_____________________14.担心__________________15.一天天地___________________
16.开始_______________17.小心_______________18.求助_____________19.打开_______________
20.关上__________________21.救某人的命________________________22.能够_________________
23.在…结束时______________________24.卸掉____________________25.至少_________________
26. 不管怎样___________________27.帮助某人做__________________28.在那时_______________
